It would be better if gallstones could be prevented rather than treated. Prevention of cholesterol gallstones is feasible since ursodiol, the bile acid medication that dissolves some cholesterol gallstones, also prevents them from forming. The difficulty is identifying a group of individuals who are at high risk for developing cholesterol gallstones during a relatively short period of time so that the duration of preventive treatment can be limited. One such group is obese individuals losing weight rapidly with very low calorie diets or with surgery. The risk of gallstones in this group is as high as 40%-60%. In fact, ursodiol has been shown in several studies to be very effective at preventing gallstones in these individuals.
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